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Do you have to complete the 2026 Census? What happens if you don't?

Published July 26, 2026 at 9:02 PM UTC

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The 2026 Australian Census is mandatory for all residents, and failing to complete it can result in fines of up to $222 per day. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) describes this census as the most progressive yet, with new questions designed to better capture the diversity of the population, including non-binary gender identities and extended family structures. For people like April, a non-binary individual living in a regional area, participating comes at a personal cost — they risk family conflict by being open about their identity — but they see it as crucial for their family to finally be counted. The census is used to allocate billions in government funding and services, making accurate data vital. While most Australians complete it without issue, some face barriers such as language, homelessness, or distrust. The ABS says support is available, but the legal obligation remains. Non-compliance can lead to prosecution, though fines are rarely imposed for first-time non-compliance if a valid reason is given.