The two-year deadline is tight, and Malaysia's track record on forced labour reforms raises doubts about timely compliance. Past pledges have been slow to implement, with labour rights groups reporting ongoing issues in plantations and factories. The new US tariffs, while including exemptions, also cover many products not on the list, hitting other Malaysian exports. Diversifying markets is easier said than done: China and the EU have their own strict labour and environmental standards that Malaysia must also meet. The government's reliance on voluntary corporate action rather than mandatory enforcement may not satisfy US requirements. If Malaysia fails, the consequences could be severe, including broader tariffs or import bans that hurt small and medium enterprises the most. Businesses face uncertainty and compliance costs without guaranteed results. The risk is that Malaysia may scramble to meet deadlines, leading to superficial reforms that fail to address root causes of forced labour, such as migrant worker vulnerability and weak enforcement.
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Warning against overconfidence in Malaysia's ability to meet US trade commitments quickly
Published July 26, 2026 at 8:32 AM UTC